Religion A Sociological Approach Essays - Anthropology Of Religion

Religion: A Sociological Approach November 29, 2000 Religion What is religion? That is simple, I thought. At that point I was unable to concoct an answer. For the appropriate response I go to my Websters Random House New Collegiate Dictionary just to discover: religion (ri lijen), n. 1. An allowance of faith based expectations concerning the reason, nature and motivation behind the universe, esp. at the point when considered as the making of a superhuman office or organizations, usu. including reverential and ceremonial observances, and frequently containing an ethical code for direct of human undertakings. 2. A particular essential allowance of faith based expectations and practices commonly settled upon by various people or factions: the Christian religion. 3. The assortment of people holding fast to a specific allowance of faith based expectations and practices: a world chamber of religions. 4. The life or condition of a priest, religious recluse, and so on: to enter a religion. 5. The act of strict convictions: custom recognition of confidence. 6. Something an individual has faith in and follows devotedly. 7. Ancient. Severe dedication: commitment. Just expressed religion is an allowance of faith based expectations, ethics, or observances. Sociologists have considered religion and its impacts on individuals. Sociologists would like to increase a superior comprehension of the requirement for religion in networks and particular lives. The functionalist viewpoint, the representative interationist point of view, and the contention viewpoint can be applied to religion. Religion can be Christianity, Catholicism, Islam, Buddhism, Wiccan, or Greek folklore to give some examples. Emile Durkeim concentrated a lot on religion. He composed a book that distinguished the parts of a religion. This undertaking appears to be unthinkable in a strictly jumpers society. All religions separate the holy from the profane or mainstream. This differentiation was laid out by Durkeim in, The Elementary Forms of Religious Life. He additionally noticed that individuals by and large assemble and structure a network to rehearse their religion. Religion is made out of a conviction structure (totem), sacrosanct practice (service), and an ethical network (church). Durkeim finished up his book with these words: A religion is a brought together arrangement of convictions and practices comparative with holy things, in other words, things set apart and taboo convictions and practices which join into one single good network called a Church, each one of the individuals who cling to them. The fundamental capacity of religion is addressing questions individuals request to feel individual security. Individuals by and large need to realize what life is and why we need to live it. Individuals either structure their own answers or go to religion. The individuals who accept the equivalent gather and concede to rules and ceremonies of their religion. Religion additionally permits individuals to adjust to new circumstances and imparts energy. Strict Dysfunction is likewise significant. Religion has caused horrendous torments and sufferings. Bleeding WARS and campaigns have been completed in Gods name. Religion blends in with legislative issues and makes nations battle different nations and even announce common war. In the past religion has supported strict mistreatment, persecution, and fierce acts. The Symbolic Interactionist point of view takes a gander at the images individuals use. Images give personality and social solidarity. As it were, individuals know what their identity is and whom they have a place with by utilizing images. One such image is the Christian fish. The letters of the Greek word fish are the principal letters in the expression, Jesus Christ is the Son of God. Christians could utilize this image to impart furtively and keep away from abuse. A lot of information is stuffed behind an image. The ceremonies and strict experience are likewise significant in this point of view. They make closeness with God and join on a common scale. Individuals append importance to items and occasions and use portrayals to discuss one with another. Karl Marx applied the Conflict Theory of religion. He was an acknowledged nonbeliever and derided the individuals who ran to religion to fill the void in their lives. He accepted that religion permitted individuals to overlook their wretchedness and departure the unremarkable lives they live. Religions, for example, Hinduism bolster social disparity. The Egyptian pharaoh is venerated as a divine being and requests various leveled social structure. Common wars create in view of various social thoughts of perfect world. Karl Marx stated, it [religion] is the sedative of the individuals. Max Weber couldn't help contradicting the contention hypothesis of religion. Weber stated ,Religion held the way to modernization. Religion has four sorts of followings. A religion is a

Disability Discrimination & OSHA Laws Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Handicap Discrimination and OSHA Laws - Essay Example This would make an undue hardship for the Postal Service. The Postal Service could likewise guarantee that Davis isn't equipped for the agent position. Since she is hard of hearing, Davis can't pick up the telephone. That is a significant necessity of the activity. Under the American Disabilities Act, a debilitated American must be equipped for the ideal position. On account of Halsey, as characterized before by the American Disabilities Act, he is additionally debilitated. The inquiry turns out to be how handicapped is Halsey? He could bomb the vision test for a driver’s permit, yet at the same time observe all around ok to support candy machines. Coca-Cola Bottling Company recruited him as a candy machine serviceperson. Since they employed him, one expect he was equipped for the activity. The issue at that point becomes on the off chance that it would be an undue hardship for Coca-Cola to suit Halsey. Coca-Cola is a huge organization, with practically boundless assets. It would not be an undue hardship to give transportation to Halsey, or even choose to have Halsey to support the candy machines different representatives take back to the Coca-Cola plant. A settlement could be reached between the two gatherings. On account of Whirlpool, Whirlpool is aware of the perilous condition brought about by the transport line over the employees’ work station. The wire work monitor screen was put to protect representatives. The organization strategy is for the workers cleaning the work to remain on the wire outlines. Not the entirety of the things can be reached by remaining on the wire outlines, compelling the representatives to remain on the wire work. Keller has a couple of choices. Keller can quit carrying out a responsibility he feels is hazardous. He can quit recovering articles far from the wire outline, because of the perilous circumstance. In the event that Whirlpool realizes the activity can't be preformed without going on the wire work, other security measures ought to be established. On the off chance that Whirlpool requests Keller to carry out the responsibility or the consequences will be severe, Keller can call OSHA and become an informant.

Rational Emotive Therapy for SAD A Sample Session

Rational Emotive Therapy for SAD A Sample Session Social Anxiety Disorder Treatment and Therapy Print Rational Emotive Therapy for Social Anxiety Disorder By Arlin Cuncic Arlin Cuncic, MA, is the author of Therapy in Focus: What to Expect from CBT for Social Anxiety Disorder and 7 Weeks to Reduce Anxiety. Learn about our editorial policy Arlin Cuncic Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on September 16, 2019 Social Anxiety Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children Hill Street Studios/Getty Images Rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) is a type of therapy that deals with overcoming irrational beliefs and changing your reactions to the negative events that happen in your life. Basic REBT theory is based on the ABC Model: A Activating Event (something happens)B Belief (about the event)C Consequence (emotional reaction to the belief) According to REBT, your reaction (C) is the result of your belief (B) and not caused directly by the event (A). The goal of REBT is to change your belief (B) so that your reaction (C) also changes. This is done through a process known as disputation, which is usually completed with the help of a therapist. For example, imagine that you have a fear of making introductions. Perhaps you arent sure of the etiquette, worry that you will forget someones name, or just feel too anxious to even make introductions or introduce yourself to others. In situations where introductions are required, you might avoid speaking or wait until other people introduce themselves. Sample Session Below is a sample conversation that you might have with your therapist about this fear. Client: I feel afraid to introduce people like I might say the wrong thing or embarrass myself. When I have to introduce myself, I feel awkward and usually end up saying nothing. Strangers probably think I am stuck up, but I just feel too anxious to do anything. Therapist: So you are afraid that other people will think you are bad at making introductions. What is so bad about that? Client: Im not really sure, but I just cant seem to do it. I feel awkward. Therapist: So other people end up thinking you are a snob. So? Client: Well, its hard to make friends when you make a bad impression. Therapist: Well, the main problem is the pressure you put on yourself to make the introduction. It makes you overly anxious about the situation to the point that you do nothing. You and your therapist would then work on a list of MUST statements. These are those irrational beliefs that you tell yourself in the situation that leads to you feeling bad about yourself: I MUST come across well to others or else Im worthless. I MUST be socially competent or else I am no good. I MUST not make mistakes in social situations or I am a misfit. One technique to work on these must statements is to write them down on index cards with more rational statements written on the reverse of each card. For every must statement, you and your therapist might come up with four or five healthier replacement beliefs. For example: Front of Flashcard: I must come across well to others. Back of Flashcard: I might like to look good all the time, but I dont have to.Its not horrible if I make a mistake introducing people.Even if I dont introduce myself, people wont hate me.Even if I forget to make introductions, its not the end of the world. Your therapist would then have you look at these cards whenever you have a few minutes in your day to practice your new ways of thinking. Eventually, you will learn that it is not making introductions that make you anxious, but rather the demands that you put on yourself that it must go well. Even if you never get better at making introductions, you can be less anxious about the whole experience. As a way of extending your irrational thoughts even farther, imagine the worst-case scenario: Everyone you know starts avoiding you because you are bad at making introductions. When you can get to the point of seeing your fears as ridiculous, you can start to let them go. In addition to working through your irrational beliefs, you can also take steps to improve your social skills and learn about etiquette in the areas that make you uncomfortable. A Word From Verywell In summary, the basic premise of REBT when applied to social anxiety is to work on overcoming the irrational belief that everyone must like and approve of you in order for you to be of value. The process is usually done through a series of questions known as disputation with a trained therapist, though you can also practice replacing beliefs on your own. At the heart of REBT is the notion that you make the situations in your life better or worse depending on how you think about them. The 9 Best Online Therapy Programs

The best teaching aid is a piece of chalk - 1458 Words

â€Å"The best teaching aid is a piece of chalk† When I first went to school, the dominant teaching aid was blackboard and chalk. That is almost half a century ago. Back then, the statement â€Å"The best teaching aid is a piece of chalk† is likely to cause bafflement to teachers. â€Å"What else?† would be their common response. Today, however, teaching aids abound. From a simple letter set painstakingly cut out by a devoted teacher, through electronic projection equipment, DVD sound systems, televisions and computers, to the latest interactive whiteboard, they introduce a wealth of variety and differing impact to today’s classroom. Any discussion of this statement will therefore be remiss if I do not introduce and examine some available alternatives†¦show more content†¦3. Supplementing/substituting the blackboard Primarily visual aids, these include the overhead projector (OHP), slide projector (almost going the way of the Dodo), and the latest computer projection equipment. A quick check on the internet shows that these can cost anywhere between USD100 and USD2000, not including the screen. Exorbitant cost aside, the OHP and computer projection equipment can, technically, replace the blackboard. OHP sheets can be prepared in advance or blank, to be written on during the lesson. This is the closest to the blackboard. The advantage is that the teacher is facing the class when doing so and is thus better placed to gauge the class’ attention level and behavior. The disadvantages are that it requires a power cord, generates a fair amount of heat, and often requires some training to use effectively and efficiently. It can also breakdown. The computer projection system requires that all materials be prepared in advance prior the lesson. These can then be presented a bit at a time in accordance to the pace of the lesson. The clearest advantage is that the projected material is type-written and can be set at a font size most suitable for the classroom in use. It can also be used to do slide presentation using Power Point or similar software. A further advantage is that material on the internet can be easily downloaded and adapted for classroom use. However, unpredicted changes inShow MoreRelatedHow Visual Aids Can Help When Teaching a Foreign Language.1381 Words   |  6 PagesHow visual aids can help when teaching a foreign language. 1 Visual aids provide a practical solution for teachers whose equipment can consist of nothing more than a few books and a classroom. They include black-boards, laptops, charts and posters, pictures, magazines, flash-cards and actual objects or ‘realia’. These teaching aids, and the ways in which they help the teacher are discussed below. Blackboard/whiteboard: In schools throughout the world, this piece of equipment isRead MoreUsing Resources in the Lifelong Learning Sector Essay1881 Words   |  8 Pageson by a person or organization in order to function effectively†. If we apply this definition to teaching and learning resources, it can be argued that resources are central to the learning process and an absolute necessity for the teacher in planning and delivering effective sessions and the leaner in achieving their learning targets. The aim of this paper is to critically analyse the use of teaching and learning resources within my role as a Lecturer and Facilitator in the Lifelong Learning SectorRead MoreEssay about Experiential and Constructivist Learning909 Words   |  4 Pagesan extremely effective form of learning, especially for adults. Confucius said â€Å"Tell me, and I will forget. Show me and I may remember† and that saying still applies to today as many adults learn better by experience than they do by the traditional chalk and talk (Conlan, Grabowski Smith, 2012). The following essay will discuss how to utilize experiential learning in a heavy equipment construction company. 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There are some possible medical treatments such as, special exercises, biofeedback, prescription drugs, surgery, or implanted devices to replace or aid muscles. Patients can also find specially designed undergarments to help with the situation. (NIH) Drooling can also be a side affliction connected with CP, often causing severe skin irritation and, because it is socially unacceptableRead MoreThe Influence of Instructional Facilities on Students’ Academic Performance in Public Secondary Schools in Sapele Local Government Area of Delta State11042 Words   |  45 Pagesof terms †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....10 CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE Conceptual framework†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦13 Instructional facilities †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦15 The importance of instructional facilities in teaching and learning†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.27 Importance of resources availability in secondary schools †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..33 Academic performance concepts†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦46 Importance of resources to the concept of academic performances†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreScience Has a Growing Importance in Today’s World Essay3344 Words   |  14 Pagesconnections with a specific end goal to achieve a deeper comprehension of the contributing factors leading to get conceptual science learning in students. 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A Study On Alzheimer s Disease - 1136 Words

Of the brain occurs a dangerous, gradual, and deteriorative ailment, dementia, particularly named Alzheimer s disease. This disease develops as an irregular malfunction which ultimately leads to death. Alzheimer’s disease was found by Dr. Alois Alzheimer, a German physician. A woman of middle age passed away years after she was diagnosed with psychological decayment and confusion that was accompanied with loss of memory. Dr. Alzheimer realized there was an unusual arrangement in the nerve cells while observing her cerebral cortex. The cerebral cortex is the section of the brain that is accountable for reasoning and memory. The formation of the cells were clustered together â€Å"like a rope tied in knots†. Neurofibrillary tangles were the name he gave this assortment of nerve fibers. Additionally, Alzheimer discovered a build-up of â€Å"cellular debris† around the damaged nerves. He called the build-up senile plaques. An article was broadcasted in a medical journal in 1905. In it was Dr. Alzheimer’s conjecture of the tangles and plaques were what caused the woman’s unusual loss of memory. Alzheimer’s disease is a malfunction of the brain that worsens over time. Normally, the age to develop Alzheimer’s is over the age of 65, but it is possible to evolve this plight at the age of 40. Studies show that 10 percent of people who are over the age of 65 may have Alzheimer’s disease. Half the people over the age of 85 most likely have Alzheimer’s disease. Fortunately, Alzheimer sShow MoreRelatedA Research Study On Alzheimer s Disease1394 Words   |  6 PagesAlzheimer’s disease is the sixth leading cause of death in the United States and the fifth leading cause of death in people over the age of 65, as determined by the (Center for Disease Control, 2015). The number of people living with AD is predicted to triple by 2050. The risk of developing Alzheimer’s rises exponentially with age. â€Å"Currently, verification of an AD diagnosis occurs through postmortem detection of pathology in neural tissue, specifically extracellular amyloid plaques and intracellularRead MoreA Research Study On Alzheimer s Disease Research Studies757 Words   |  4 PagesProposed approaches to conducting the research How should the research (involving the prospect of increasing the participation of African Americans in Alzheimer s disease research studies) be conducted? The research involving increased participation of African Americans in Alzheimer s disease research studies will be conducted via the use of a survey, and it will take two years to complete. The survey will sample African Americans living in the Bronx, Queens, Staten Island, ManhattanRead MoreA Research Study On Alzheimer s Disease951 Words   |  4 PagesDepartment of Health and Human Services, 2013). The medical term for this loss of memory is called Alzheimer’s disease, sometimes also referred to as dementia. These changes in memory also affect thinking and behavior that get in the way of everyday things people do. According to Mary S. Mittelman and Dr. PH Cynthia Epstein, the authors of the Alzheimer’s Health Care Handbook, Alzheimer’s disease is a neurological illness that prevents the brain from functioning effectively, with the earliest symptomsRead MoreA Research Study On Alzheimer s Disease1339 Words   |  6 Pagesare a couple types of dementia. This research paper is about Alzheimer s Disease (AD) which is a specific type of dementia that is closely related to aging. AD accounts for 50 to 80 percent of dementia cases. AD usually affects people 65 and older, but it can start in rare cases around 40 to 50. 5.3 million people in America have been diagnosed with AD, and almost two thirds of the population that has been diagnosed are women (Alzheimer s Association, 2015). 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Scientist have yet to know what causes Alzheimer s, but have discovered that age, family history, and genes contribute to developing the disease. Symptoms experienced by people with Alzheimer s are poor judgement, poor decision making, inability to manage a budget, losing track of theRead MoreHow Does Someone Get Alzheimer s Disease?788 Words   |  4 PagesHow Does Someone Get Alzheimer s Disease? By Dick Harkes | Submitted On August 17, 2011 Recommend Article Article Comments Print Article Share this article on Facebook Share this article on Twitter Share this article on Google+ Share this article on Linkedin Share this article on StumbleUpon Share this article on Delicious Share this article on Digg Share this article on Reddit Share this article on Pinterest What is Alzheimer s Disease Through Alzheimer s Disease healthy neurons are destroyed

The Epic of Gilgamesh Values, Serpents vs. Bible Free Essays

The True Value of Life Sometimes, in order for you to change, it takes losing something so dear to you. This is proven in one of the oldest stories ever written, â€Å"The Epic of Gilgamesh†. Although the main plot is focused on Gilgamesh losing is closest friend and going on a journey of immortality, by studying Gilgamesh’s idea of avoiding death, we can see throughout the story that death is inevitable, lack of humility is an issue, and the symbol of the serpent. We will write a custom essay sample on The Epic of Gilgamesh: Values, Serpents vs. Bible or any similar topic only for you Order Now Gilgamesh, the king of Uruk, is a mighty king that built magnificent temple towers and high walls that surrounded the city. However, he came about these building projects by forced labor. The gods heard the people of Uruk’s pleas, so the gods created Enkidu, who is just as magnificent as Gilgamesh, to challenge him. The gods’ plan took a different turn when the two became best of friends. Gilgamesh’s happy adventurous life soon takes a tragic turn when Enkidu falls ill and dies. Gilgamesh now fears for his own life. Heartbroken, Gilgamesh sets out on a journey to find the key to eternal life. His journey leads him to Utnapishtim, who he and his family’s lives were spared by Ea, the god of wisdom, from the flood. As a result of this, Enlil, the god of earth, rewards Utnapishtim with eternal life. Gilgamesh assumes Utnapishtim can grant him eternal life as well, so he puts him to a test. Gilgamesh has to stay awake for a week; this is a trick because immortals don’t ever sleep. Gilgamesh immediately fails. As a second chance Utnapishtim gives him a plant of youth. On his journey back home a snake steals the plant while Gilgamesh is in the pond. Gilgamesh returns to Uruk empty handed; however, he returns as a different man. The greatest lesson Gilgamesh learns is that death is inescapable. Siduri, the goddess of wine disguised as the tavern keeper, warns him of seeking immortality. â€Å"As for you, Gilgamesh, let your belly be full, make merry day and night. Of each day make a feast of rejoicing. Day and night dance and play! Let your garments be sparkling fresh, your head be washed; bathe in water. Pay heed to a little one that holds on to your hand, let a spouse delight in your bosom† (Tablet X). This is her telling him it would be pointless and to just enjoy what he has in his life now. It was Enkidu’s fate to die as a consequence after him and Gilgamesh killed the Bull of Heaven. Gilgamesh realizes in the end that it is also man’s fate to die, as it is for humankind to live on. Death is inevitable and immortality is promised only to the gods. Life must be treasured. Life isn’t worth living if you don’t take what is has to offer, for death will come faster than you know. Gilgamesh may have started his quest as two-thirds god and one-third man, but he returned as a man, realizing his own inevitable mortality. From being two-thirds god and one-third man, Gilgamesh is destined for perfection. He is blessed with the luxurious life and all the riches he could possibly want. Unfortunately his greatest flaw is his arrogance and lack of humility. Gilgamesh was created by the gods to be perfect in every way. However, the gods couldn’t prepare him for life, its challenges, and how to be a true king. Gilgamesh lived like a god amongst his people and was hated for it because he didn’t care about anyone but himself. The gods didn’t know what to do with Gilgamesh’s life so they sent Enkidu which gave him true friendship. Gilgamesh started in the story as a cruel king that used forced labor to build his kingdom and would rape women. He would do whatever he wanted to do and get who and whatever he wanted. He was loathed by his people. The first transition to his change was Enkidu. They both became heroes. When his journey ends he returns to his kingdom as a new selfless man who thinks no more than do right by his people. Serpents play similar but at the same time different roles in Gilgamesh and the Bible. In the story of Gilgamesh the serpent changes Gilgamesh’s perception of life. After his long quest he is given an herb that restores his youth. He hasn’t yet used it when a snake steals it. Though the snake robs Gilgamesh of his chance to enjoy youth again, it restores Gilgamesh’s sanity. The snake is a benefit. Gilgamesh now carries back the gift of wisdom. He now focuses on what is in front of him and doesn’t take life for granted. In the Bible, the serpent is a source of evil that brought life-long punishment to humankind. The serpent tempts Adam and Eve to disobeying God into taking what rightfully belongs to God – knowledge. As punishment, God exiles Adam and Eve from the Garden of Eden and brands them as sinners. The serpent stole their innocence, so in a way the serpent brought both death and knowledge into the world. As descendent of Adam and Eve we also hold the name as a sinner. â€Å"This is the wall of Uruk, which no city on earth can equal. See how its ramparts gleam like copper in the sun. Climb the stone staircase, more ancient than the mind can imagine a temple that no king has equaled in size or beauty, walk on the wall of Uruk, follow its course around the city, inspect its mighty foundations examine its brickwork, how masterfully it is built, observe the land it encloses† (Book XI). Shortly before Gilgamesh’s eyes truly opened he was in despair because he lost his opportunity of immortality when he lost the plant of youth. In the end as he looked upon his kingdom he established wisdom. He realized that death cannot be avoided, and he became a humble king. If it wasn’t for the serpent he would still be the arrogant king he was and he wouldn’t have gain this knowledge. If the serpent didn’t bring along the idea of eating off the tree of knowledge, Adam and Eve would still be in the Garden of Eden and wouldn’t have the knowledge of the world. How to cite The Epic of Gilgamesh: Values, Serpents vs. Bible, Papers

Mary Mother Of Jesus Essays - Prophets Of Islam,

Mary Mother Of Jesus In the movie that we saw during class was about Mary, Mother of Jesus. The following essay will answer the question of Mary's understanding of her role and her understanding of who Jesus was and who he was going to be. Mary, at times in this movie was extremely confused about things that were happening to her. For example, the first time that God talked to her she was confused; she didn't know what was going on. Mary had no clue whether to ignore the voice or believe it. Another example was when Mary was at the Inn giving birth to Jesus. God spoke to Mary and told her to name her son Jesus. And now with her faith in God, she was no longer confused about who was speaking to her and what she had to do. With this newly found faith in God's plans for her son she trusted the sheppards that came to see her. With the sheppards telling Mary that they had been told by God to visit a newborn child who was going to be the King of the Jews. I think at this time Mary was certain that Jesus was the Son of God and was going to be different. Mary, as well as Jesus, was different from other people because she understood what Jesus was saying ( or doing ) when others had no idea what he was saying ( or doing .) I thinnk that Mary was an interpreter for God who translated what Jesus was doing, so others could understand. For example, when Jesus arose from the grave. Mary and everyone else immediately knew that he was truly the Son of God. So, Mary had to interpret that the Apostles were to spread the teachings of Jesus to all. Also, when Jesus was in the temple and Joseph got made at him for not telling anyone where he went; Jesus said "Where else would I be except for my father's house." The 2 other people their had no idea what that meant, except for Mary. Mary knew that Jesus was the Son of God who was trying to teach to the others that God thinks of everyone as his son or daughter. In conclusion, Mary understood her role as well as the understanding of who Jesus was because she had faith and trust in God.

Hamlet essay Essays

Hamlet essay Essays Hamlet essay Essay Hamlet essay Essay Essay Topic: Hamlet This play, like many other famous plays from this era, was written by William Shakespeare. Shakespeare was born in a small English town named Stratford-upon-Avon, located in Warwickshire and although the exact date of Shakespeares birth cannot be confirmed the consensus is that Shakespeare was born on April 23, 1564. He was baptized on April 26, 1564, at the Holy Trinity parish church in his hometown of Stratford. Shakespeares parents, Mary Arden and John Shakespeare, had eight children. Shakespeare had two sisters named Joan, one born in 1558 and the other in 1569. No one knows first-born Joans exact date of death, but it is assumed that she died in infancy. Second-born Joan survived her famous brother by more than 30 years. Shakespeare probably began his education at the age of six or seven at the Stratford grammar school, which is still standing only a short distance from his house on Henley Street and is in the care of the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. Although we have no record of Shakespeare attending the school, due to the official position held by John Shakespeare it seems likely that he would have decided to educate young William at the school, which was under the care of Stratfords governing body. In 1582, at the age of 16, Shakespeare married Anne Hathaway. When Shakespeare married Hathaway he was still a minor, while she was twenty-six and already several months pregnant. Shakespeare had three children. The first child born was Susanna, christened on May 26, 1583, and twins arrived in January 1585. : They were baptized on February 2 of that year and named Hamlet and Judith. We know very little about Shakespeares life during two major spans of time, commonly referred to as the lost years. The lost years fall into two periods: 1578-82 and 1585-92. The first period covers the time after Shakespeare left grammar school until his marriage to Anne Hathaway in November of 1582. The second period covers the seven years of Shakespeares life in which he must have been perfecting his dramatic skills and collecting sources for the plots of his plays. What could such a genius accomplish in this direction during six or eight years? The histories alone must have required unending hours of labour to gather facts for the plots and counter-plots of these stories. When we think of the time he must have spent in reading about the pre-Tudor dynasties, we are at a loss to estimate what a days work meant to him. Perhaps he was one of those singular geniuses who absorbs books. George Douglas Brown, when discussing Shakespeare, often used to say he knew how to pluck the guts out of a tome Tragically, Hamlet died on August 11, 1596, at the age of eleven. We do not know the cause of his death. Shakespeare died on April 23, 1616. The cause of Shakespeares death is a mystery, but tradition tells us that: Shakespeare, Drayton, and Ben Jonson had a merry meeting and it seems drank too hard, for Shakespeare died of a fever there contracted. Shakespeare is buried in the chancel of Holy Trinity Church in his hometown of Stratford, Warwickshire. His gravestone bears an epitaph which Shakespeare himself supposedly wrote. It warns: Good friend for Jesus sake forbeare, To dig the dust enclosed here. Blessed be the man that spares these stones, And cursed be he that moves my bones. Hamlet was first published in 1603. Due to the fact that nothing could be copywriter in this time people would not release a work until it was already fully established that it was them that had written it. Therefore although 1603 was when the first publish copy of Hamlet appeared it was likely to have been written several years before this date. In fact, Shakespeare himself is said to have played the role of the Ghost of Hamlets father. Nicholas Rowe, Shakespeares first biographer, mentioned that Shakespeares role, as the Ghost in his own Hamlet was the top of his performance. When it was first preformed the play of Hamlet like many others would have been shown in The Globe theatre. Now, 200 yards from its original site, after almost 400 years, the Globe Theatre has been opened to the public again: the rebuilt playhouse was officially inaugurated by Her Majesty the Queen on Thursday 12 June 1997. After the discovery of the remains of the Rose in January 1989, archaeologists managed to locate the Globe and to dig up approximately 5% of the foundations of the playhouse. Unfortunately, most of the rest of the foundations lie under Anchor Terrace, a nineteenth century listed building, and only radar exploration is now possible. The presence of a concrete slab below Anchor Terrace makes this work even more difficult. On 12 December 1996, Shakespeares Globe was voted the best attraction in Europe: it was awarded the European Tourism Initiative Golden Star Award by the European Federation of Associations of Tourism Journalists. In this, the second section of my essay I will be looking at how Hamlet shows his indecisions and his reasons for them through his soliloquies. I will be looking at each soliloquy in turn and then summarising his indecisions at the end in a brief conclusion. I will now be looking at the first soliloquy. This doesnt actually have any examples of hamlets indecisions in it but it is important in establishing hamlets mood and views of several of the characters as well as introducing several important story points. The very first words that Hamlet says in this soliloquy, and which sums up his mood through most of the play, are suicidal. O, that this too, too solid flesh would melt Thaw and resolve itself to dew By this he means that he wishes he would die, the metaphor being his solid flesh turning to dew. This is ironic, as most people do not want to die and complain that they are dying to quickly whereas Hamlet in describing himself as too too solid is saying he is not dying quickly enough. His next two sentences further prove his thoughts on suicide. Or that the everlasting had not fixd His canon gainst self-slaughter! O God! O God! In this he is referring to the sixth commandment thou shalt not kill that also prevents suicide. This also shows that Hamlet is more than slightly Christian as he is not willing to defy the will of God even for something considered as important as revenge. He compares life to a garden and says his life is like an unweeded garden. He accepts that bad things are a part of life just like weeds are a natural part of a garden but he says that things rank and gross in nature, Possess it merely meaning that his life only consists of bad things. He goes on to explain part of the story saying that just less than two months past the king died, his father. He says that he was as a Hyperion to a Satyr in comparison to his brother, hamlets uncle. He explains how much he loved Hamlets mother saying: That he might beteem the winds of heaven Visit her face to roughly. Heaven and Earth! He then says that his mother married Hamlets uncle and makes it obvious that he thinks she didnt morn long enough saying: O, God! a beast, that wants discourse of reason Would have mournd longer He describes there relationship as incestuous and ends the soliloquy by saying that although he believes it cannot come to good he will not say anything; for I must hold my tongue. I am now going to look at the second soliloquy, which is the shortest one. This sees Hamlets first chance to exact his revenge, which he doesnt act upon. Firstly Hamlet describes the time to be the witching hour which is When Churchyards yawn and hell itself breathes out. This shows Hamlet to be superstitious like most people of the time. He then says: now I could drink hot blood, And do such bitter business as the day Would quake to look on them He does mean this literally but it is instead a metaphor, meaning he could do evil deeds so bitter that daylight would be scared to look at them and do the bitter business- killing Claudius. He then sees his mother and explains his plan to get a sort of revenge on her for marrying Claudius. He explains that he intends to speak daggers to her but use not. By this he means that although he will act like he hates her he will only be acting which he further enforces when he says my tongue and soul shall be hypocrite in this. He also says that the things he says he will not even mean: to give them seals never, my souls, consent! I will now be looking at the third soliloquy. This takes place when Hamlet sees his uncle at prayer. This soliloquy shows Hamlets greatest moment of indecision, as he sees the perfect opportunity to kill his uncle yet he makes an excuse why he couldnt do it. Although the excuse was a reasonable one it is still an excuse all the same. He begins the soliloquy by saying Now might I do it pat; just the same as he did in the previous one, saying that he will do it. Then, as in the previous soliloquy he begins stop think about the act too much. He believes that if he were to kill his uncle at prayer then he would send him to heaven- A villain kills my father; and for that, I, his sole son, do the same villain send To heaven. He says that this would be hire and salary, not revenge meaning that this would be beneficial to Claudius as it would in fact insure his entrance to heaven. He says that when his father was killed by Claudius he was grossly, full of bread meaning that he was sinful (gross) and not fasting (full of bread). This shows that although he held his father in high opinion he did not think he was perfect. Hamlet then goes on to say that instead of killing Claudius now, whilst he was at prayer, he will wait until he is doing something sinful: When he is drunk asleep, or in his rage, Or in the incestuous pleasure of his bed; At game, a-swearing, or about some act That has no relish of salvation int; He ends the passage saying his mother waits and that this physic but prolongs thy sickly days meaning that his praying merely prolongs his life. I will now be looking at Hamlets fourth and final soliloquy. In this soliloquy Hamlet finally decides that he will kill Claudius and is also quite philosophical. He begins the soliloquy by saying that all events inform against him meaning that they accuse him and that they spur his dull revenge. It is interesting that he described his revenge as dull. He then asks if it is mans only job to is to eat and sleep. He then says that god gave us the power of reason. He says that people waste it by leaving it To fust in us unused. Now, whether it be Bestial oblivion, or some craven scruple Of thinking too precisely on the event It is ironic and hypocritical that he says that people think to precisely on event as this is the main reason that he never got around to killing Claudius In conclusion, through his soliloquies Hamlet shows several different reasons for his indecisions. In each instance it is because instead of just killing Claudius he begins to reason the act out and therefore always finds reasons why he cant do it at that time. The reasons he uses always have certain merit and do make sense. On the other hand they do still seem to be just excuses as opposed to reasons he has a real believe in. In this third and final section of my essay I will be looking at how I would direct act 1, scenes 1 and 2. I would try to make my production follow the story and Shakespeares script very accurately yet still make it original. I would do this by representing all the different characters with animals. To make my version of Hamlet interesting and original I will use animals to represent each of the different characters. The animals that would play each character would have to reflect their characters. I would have it so that the animals were based on how Hamlet viewed their characters. Therefore you could get an insight into Hamlets views on characters by what animals play them. So for example I would have his father as a lion (something powerful and proud) his uncle as a weasel or a snake (something devious and cunning). Hamlet would be the only character in the play that would actually be a human, because in his mind he is normal. With regards to scenes 1 and 2 I would try and keep them as close to the originals as possible. I would have it so that the change between scene one and two were very sudden so that the contrast between them is exaggerated. May have scene 1 ending with a flash of lighting with thunder. The lightening would merge with the bright light of the hall and the thunder would become the shouting and laughter of the party guests.

In Search of a 4-Dot Ellipsis

In Search of a 4-Dot Ellipsis In Search of a 4-Dot Ellipsis In Search of a 4-Dot Ellipsis By Maeve Maddox Reader Vic Shane writes: my editor told me there is a four-dot ellipsis that is not the same thing as the three-dot version. When I went to Journalism school (32 years ago), we only had the three-dot variety, as far as I know. The extra dot came from somewhere and Id like to get to the bottom of it. I wont rest until I know why that dot is floating around in the ethers looking for a sentence! Strictly speaking, theres no such thing as a 4-dot ellipsis. Omission of material in a quotation is indicated by three dots. When a fourth dot appears, it indicates that the omitted material included at least one sentence. The Chicago Manual of Style describes the use of the ellipsis at great length, referring to the three dot, four dot, and rigorous methods (11.51 ff). Spaces or no spaces? Not all style guides agree as to whether or not the dots in the ellipsis should have spaces between them. Chicago Manual of Style An ellipsis- the omission of a word, phrase, line, paragraph, or more from a quoted passage- is indicated by ellipsis points (or dots), not by asterisks. Ellipsis points are three spaced periods (. . .), sometimes preceded or followed by other punctuation. They must always appear together on the same line, but any preceding punctuation may appear at the end of the line above (see also 11.64). MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers For an ellipsis within a sentence, use three periods with a space before each and a space after the last ( . . . ). Merriam-Webster distinguishes between ellipsis marks [ ] and suspension points [ . . . ]. According to the Wikipedia article on ellipsis, In legal writing in the United States, Rule 5.3 in the Bluebook citation guide governs the use of ellipses and requires a space before the first dot and between the two subsequent dots. If an ellipsis ends the sentence, then there are three dots, each separated by a space, followed by the final punctuation. AP style, on the other hand, leaves out the spaces ( †¦ ). Ellipsis and unfinished thought When a speaker trails off, leaving a sentence unfinished, three dots are used: I never meant . . . When a quotation ends with an ellipsis CMS When three [dots] are used, space occurs both before the first dot and after the final dot. When four are used, the first dot is a true period- that is, there is no space between it and the preceding word. MLA When the ellipsis coincides with the end of your sentence, use three periods with a space before each following a sentence periodthat is, four periods, with no space before the first or after the last. Illustration Here is an illustration of the use of ellipsis points to indicate 1) omission of words in a sentence; 2) omission of an entire sentence, and 3) ending the quotation with an ellipsis. Original Passage One further habit which was somewhat weakened, although by no means broken, was that of combining native words into self-interpreting compounds. The extent to which words like bookhouse or boatswain entered into Old English has been pointed out above. The practice was not abandoned in Middle English but in many cases where a new word could have been easily formed on the native model, a ready-made French word was borrowed instead. Baugh, A History of the English Language (221). Abridgment One further habit which was somewhat weakened . . . was that of combining words into self-interpreting compounds. . . . The practice was not abandoned. . . . The web abounds with discussions of the ellipsis. Here are some links. The Elusive Ellipsis (DWT) Kent Law writing guidelines Wikipedia article Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:70 "Home" Idioms and Expressions35 Genres and Other Varieties of FictionFew vs. Several

Water shortages at Jordan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Water shortages at Jordan - Essay Example Almost 70% of all water is used for agricultural purposes and less than 30% is consumed by people (Jordans Water Shortage, 1998). Overall, this issue requires immediate response not to get worse. This problem requires complex approach and collaboration of people, government and even countries that border with Jordan. First of all, the government develops the water management model to make sure that the supply of water is growing and the demand is decreasing. Second, strategic relationships with Israel and Syria make sure that Jordan is backed up by its neighboring countries. Moreover, investments into existing water supply infrastructure strengthen the position of the country and avoid exploring new resources of water which is quite costly for the country. Finally, the country maintains clear data about water consumption on its territories in order to see how the above-mentioned activities influence on the situation with water shortage in Jordan. Government, local people and activists seem to be involved in the issue; they control their water consumption and support governmental

Prostate Among African American Men Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Prostate Among African American Men - Essay Example The genetic coding of the cells responsible for control of multiplication is interfered with, making the cells to lose control off their multiplication activities (Thompson, 2002). In the case of prostate cancer, the cells that multiply uncontrollably are those found in the prostate gland. The danger of the cancer is that the cells might migrate to other organs of the body. This is called "metastasis" (Robbins, 2007). When they get to these other organs, they make the cells here to also multiply. This makes the organ to become cancerous also. This form of cancer has some effects on the patient. It might lead to pain and difficulty when passing urine and erectile dysfunction (Rosenberg, 2008). This paper is going to look at the issue of prostate cancer among African American men. This is because it has been noted that there are disparities between the occurrence and effects of prostate cancer between African American men and Caucasian, American men. There is a variation in reported incidences of prostate cancer around the world. Countries from the Asian continent, for example china and Japan, report fewer cases than the European or American continent (American Prostate Cancer Association [APCA], 2009). America records one of the highest rates of prostate cancer around the world. ... Another important aspect is that it rarely has symptoms (Washburn et al, 2004). It might manifest itself in form of other complications like that of erectile dysfunction, but no direct symptoms. This, coupled with the fact that majority of those inflicted are above sixty years, makes it hard to diagnose. In fact, the patient might die from other diseases (Arterburn, 2006). African American men record the highest incidences of prostate cancer around the globe (National Cancer Institute [NCI], 2008). They make up about a quarter of all prostate cancer cases (NCI, 2008). They are also more likely to die from it than other men. In fact, they are three times more likely to die from it than their white counterparts (NMA, 2008). Prevalence of Prostate Cancer amongst African American Men This cancer is very significant to the African American man. As far as non-skin cancerous conditions are concerned, it tops the list in terms of occurrence amongst this segment (Washburn et al, 2004). It the most diagnosed cancer among these men. The American Prostate Cancer Association estimates that approximately 40,000 cases will be reported this year alone (2009). This is among the African American men. It is fact that the mortality rate from prostate cancer is dropping (APCA, 2009). But still, it occupies the second position as far as cancer mortalities amongst African American men is concerned (APCA, 2009). In 2005, more than five thousand black men in America succumbed to this cancer (Robbins, 2007). This dropped to about four thousand in 2007 (Robbins, 2007). The mortality rate has been in decline though. For instance, between the years 2000 and 2003, approximately sixty men out of 100,000 died.

Charles Limbs Study on Music Creativity and Brain Functions Essay

Have you ever wondered how musicians can come up with melodies, rhythms, chords, and riffs off-the-top of their heads? Well, this type of spontaneous idea is called improvisation. Improvisation is the creative activity of an â€Å"in the moment† musical composition. Basically, it’s a spur-of-the-moment kind of thing where musicians simply make up a rhythm or melody without even thinking about it. Whatever or however a musician is feeling he could incorporate that feeling into a musical thought. But how does this imagination come about? Is there some type of magical feeling that comes over the musician? How can the mind create something on command? William James has labeled this innovative development as a â€Å"seething cauldron of ideas, where everything is fizzling and bobbing about in a state of bewildering activity.†(Creation on Command) Scientists have been baffled at the way the brain works in general, but now we are finding more and more ways to view †Å"what is really going on up there†. In the past few years, there have been studies that try to figure out what goes on in the brain with improv is being done. I am going to talk about Dr. Charles Limb’s study on brain activity and music creativity. Dr. Charles Limb is an associate professor in otolaryngology at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, where he is also a part of the Peabody Institute of Music where he plays the Saxophone, Bass and Piano. He led one of the first brain-scan studies of musical improvisation in 2008. For the past ten years, Dr. Limb has studied what goes on in the brain and how it relates to music. He tested three different of experiments before coming up with a conclusion. Before coming up with the main experiment, Dr. Limb asked the question, â€Å"How can the b... ...r what goes on in their brain when they free style and help them understand Limb’s study of free style rap and improv. I might use this information for another project in another class. Who knows? I do know that this study is a very interesting research. So basically, improvisation is just a way for musicians express their feelings their thoughts and moods without even realizing what they have done. Works Cited Zagroski, Nick. "The Science of Improv." The Peabody Institute of The Johns Hopkins University: Music for the World. Johns Hopkins University. Web. 03 Apr. 2012. . Your Brain on Improv. Perf. Dr. Charles Limb. Ted.com. Jan. 2011. Web. . "Tool Module: Brain Imaging." The Brain. Web. 03 Apr. 2012. .

Lord Capulet Essay

Within the scene where Capulet is crossed by Tybalt at his masked ball, Capulet differs again. His mood suddenly changes from being humorous and charming to being hot headed and flying of the handle. I believe he is short tempered and is unable to control it; he becomes very angry towards Tybalt. â€Å"Why, how now, kinsman! Wherefore storm you so?† This demonstrates to the audience how infuriating he can be. I speculate the audiences learn that Capulet is a changeable character, as he is logical and caring but he becomes deadly serious when someone tries to challenge him. He assumes people should respect his authority. In act three, Lord Capulet informs his wife about the proposal. Lady Capulet deems Juliet will be overjoyed with the news â€Å"hath sorted out a sudden day of joy that thou expect’st not nor I look’d not for† she has a positive view to marriage and feels all she needs is a man. She reveals the news to Juliet. At first Juliet considers the proposal as good news. But she then says she would rather marry her enemy than marry Paris. This is amusing because she has previously married her enemy, Romeo, in secret. â€Å"I will not marry yet; and, when I do, I swear, I shall be Romeo, whom you know I hate, rather than Paris† This shows Juliet is intensely in love with Romeo. Lady Capulet says â€Å"here comes your father; tell him yourself.† I imagine she wouldn’t tell him, Presuming Capulet will go insane. As he evidently did so, â€Å"I will drag thee on a hurdle thither, out, you green- sickness carrion! Out, you baggage! You tallow -face!† This demonstrates how contrasting his thoughts really are, he can not believe she is being so ungrateful. Previously He was praising her up, saying how dearly he loves her and how divine she is. But now he states she is worthless that Juliet is like a curse and wishes she was no longer here. In addition he told Paris that it was Juliet’s decision if she’d like to marry him. He went back on his word and gave Juliet no choice of the matter, using his authority to over rule her, this is proof he was contradicting himself. In this time women were owned by their fathers until their time of marriage when they became property of their husbands. Capulet’s goal was to find a suitable match for his darling daughter, having so Juliet refused and Capulet became immoral, he bellowed wicked things to Juliet, which today no father would dare say. I presuppose Capulet thinks he has the right to speak to his daughter in such a way because she is his ‘property’ I don’t think this is right, nobody should be spoken to in that manner. I sense Juliet was distressed because of this. â€Å"I’ll to the friar, to know his remedy if all else fail, myself have power to die† Lord Capulet is an over powering man, he demands and receives what he w ishes, no matter if he hurts someone’s feelings, especially his own flesh and bloods. Overall I have discussed that Lord Capulet has two completely opposite sides to him. He can be kind, loving, and charming, e.g. scene one, but he can soon flip to becoming unmistakably hot- headed, controlling and malicious preparing us for his actions in scene five.

Cómo Ejercer Como Médico en Estados Unidos

El deficit de profesionales de la salud que existe en Estados Unidos se compensa cada aà ±o con un ingreso promedio de 6.000 profesionales de la salud extranjeros, entre mà ©dicos, enfermeras, dentistas y farmacà ©uticos. Cada uno de estos international medical graduate (IMG) debe cumplir una serie de requisitos para validar sus estudios, obtener la residencia y sacar la licencia profesional en estado en el que desean trabajar. El à ¡rea con mà ¡s deficit es el de los mà ©dicos generales, y en particular en las zonas rurales. Los mà ©dicos locales optan por à ¡reas de la medicina mejor pagas y en zonas mà ¡s urbanas. Aquà ­ resumimos algunas de las opciones para los diferentes casos de mà ©dicos profesionales que ingresan a Estados Unidos. Visa para los Mà ©dicos Interesados en Investigacià ³n y Docencia. La visa J-1, tambià ©n conocida como de visitante de intercambio. En este caso el solicitante entrarà ­a a la categorà ­a de researcher o scholar, y no en la categorà ­a de physician. La visa H-1B, o la visa temporal para profesiones especà ­ficas. Aunque las plazas otorgadas cada para esta visa aà ±o son limitadas, no hay là ­mite si se trabaja en entidades sin à ¡nimo de lucro o instituciones pà ºblicas. La visa O-1 o de talento especial, es para profesionales que puedan demostrar habilidades extraordinarias.La visa TN para mexicanos o canadienses. Si la enseà ±anza o la investigacià ³n se combinan con la atencià ³n a pacientes, es importante que estos candidatos no està ©n en trabajo acadà ©mico mà ¡s del diez por ciento de las horas del trabajo. La residencia por patrocinio de un empleador. Requisitos de Visa para Mà ©dicos Extranjeros en Contacto con Pacientes Estudios de medicina finalizados en el paà ­s de origen.Licencia sin restricciones del paà ­s de origen para ejercer la medicina.Residencia mà ©dica hecha en Estados Unidos asà ­ se haya completado en el paà ­s de origen.Examen aprobado de conocimientos de inglà ©s (administrado por ECFMG) menos para los profesionales que vienen de un paà ­s angloparlante. Examen USMLE aprobado, excepto para los especialistas reconocidos internacionalmente por su trabajo. Este es el examen que otorga la licencia mà ©dica. Licencia mà ©dica aprobada en el estado en el que se quiera trabajar. Apostillas de La Haya de todos los documentos del paà ­s de origen. Opciones de Visa para la Residencia Mà ©dica en Estados Unidos La visa J-1 o de intercambio. En este caso el ECFMG puede otorgar un patrocinio y este dura el tiempo que se requiera para completar la residencia mà ©dica. Una de las ventajas de esta visa es que permite a los cà ³nyuges obtener una visa J-2 y trabajar en Estados Unidos. Ademà ¡s, la J-1 permite el acompaà ±amiento de los hijos solteros menores de 21 aà ±os, quienes pueden estudiar gratuitamente en las escuelas pà ºblicas de Estados Unidos. El inconveniente de esta visa es que prohibe la permanencia en Estados Unidos una vez finalizada la residencia, pero es posible solicitar un permiso (waiver) y obtener la visa de trabajo si se està ¡ casado con un ciudadano o residente permanente, si se sufre de persecucià ³n en el paà ­s de origen, si una agencia del gobierno està ¡ interesada en el trabajo del solicitante, o si el departamento de salud pide el permiso a nombre del mà ©dico para que este trabaje en una zona rural o econà ³micamente deprimida. La visa H-1B es mucho m à ¡s compleja de obtener porque ademà ¡s el candidato debe probar que se le pagarà ¡, por lo menos, el salario promedio para su cargo. Debe ademà ¡s contar con una peticià ³n de visa de parte de cada uno de los hospitales donde desee trabajar. Como en el caso de los mà ©dicos que aplican a residencia, estos solicitantes deben pasar el examen de ECFMG y haber completado el USMLE. Esta visa se aprueba por tres aà ±os y puede extenderse hasta por seis. En este caso los familiares que acompaà ±an al mà ©dico no pueden trabajar en Estados Unidos, aunque sus hijos solteros menores de 21 aà ±os sà ­ pueden estudiar. La visa de residente permanente es otra opcià ³n si es que un empleador lo patrocina, o hay un auto-patrocinio para mà ©dicos establecidos internacionalmente que se quieran radicar en Estados Unidos.La visa L, o de transferencia entre multinacionales, si es que el candidato trabaja en su paà ­s de origen en un centro clà ­nico con sucursal en Estados Unidos. Este es un artà ­culo informativo y no pretende ser asesorà ­a legal.